Foundations of Astronomy: Celestial Mechanics and Radiation Basics

Understanding how celestial bodies move and how we receive their light is the key to unlocking the mysteries of the universe. This text-based course guides you through the fundamental mathematical and physical principles that govern stars, planets, and orbits. You will transition from basic star-gazing to calculating orbital paths, understanding stellar radiation, and analyzing celestial motion using the same core equations used by astrophysicists. What you will learn: 1. Explain the foundational principles of Kepler's laws of planetary motion. 2. Calculate orbital velocity, period, and radius for circular planetary orbits. 3. Analyze the proper motion and angular velocity of stars across the celestial sphere. 4. Understand the electromagnetic spectrum and the basics of radiation theory in space. 5. Apply modern exoplanet detection concepts, such as transit dynamics, using orbital mechanics. 6. Solve practical astrophysics problems through structured written exercises. The course starts with essential terminology and basic concepts of celestial coordinates before diving into gravitational physics, orbital mechanics, and wave theory. You will progress through clear written explanations and step-by-step mathematical breakdowns designed to build your confidence. This course is designed for high school students, beginners in physics, and amateur astronomers looking to build a solid theoretical foundation without any prior advanced astrophysics experience. Start your journey into the quantitative world of astronomy today.