Moral Psychology: The Science and Philosophy of Human Agency

Why do we make the moral choices we do, and what happens when our willpower fails us? Understanding the intersection of human philosophy and empirical science is key to unpacking the mechanics of decision-making, moral responsibility, and self-control. This text-based course bridges the gap between classic ethical theories and modern scientific discoveries to explain the forces that drive human behavior. You will start with foundational concepts of agency, learning the essential terminology of beliefs, desires, and moral motivation. From there, you will explore the psychological underpinnings of empathy, the mechanics of self-deception, and the modern cognitive science behind addiction and compulsion. What you'll learn: Understand how empirical findings from social psychology and neuroscience challenge or support traditional philosophical views of free will; Analyze the cognitive differences between sympathy, empathy, and genuine moral motivation; Examine the mechanics of willpower, including the concepts of strength of will, weakness of will, and self-deception; Evaluate how emotions like guilt, shame, and regret shape our ethical frameworks and personal accountability; Explore the modern scientific understanding of character traits, virtues, and habitual behaviors. The course begins with clear definitions of moral agency before guiding you through structured readings on intention, the neuroscience of compulsion, and the social psychology of evil and virtue. Designed for curious beginners, this course requires no prior background in psychology or philosophy. Begin reading today to gain a deeper, scientifically grounded understanding of human nature and ethical action.